Perlite

Description

Perlite is a naturally occurring volcanic mineral that expands when heated, forming bright white, lightweight granules widely used in horticulture to improve soil structure, drainage, and aeration. Sterile, pH neutral, and chemically inert, perlite is especially valued in seed-raising mixes, potting blends, and hydroponic systems where root health and oxygen availability are critical.

Its high porosity allows excess water to drain away while retaining enough moisture to support seed germination and plant growth. Perlite’s light structure prevents compaction, helping to maintain airflow around roots — particularly important in dense soils or container-grown plants. It is often used in combination with coco coir, compost, or vermiculite to create balanced growing mediums.

Although perlite contains no nutrients of its own, it supports efficient nutrient uptake by improving soil structure and root oxygenation. It does not decompose over time, making it a long-lasting amendment in both indoor and outdoor gardens. It’s particularly suited for seedlings, cuttings, succulents, and any situation where rapid drainage and aeration are needed.

In permaculture systems, perlite is best used in specific zones like seed-raising trays, propagation stations, and potted plants, rather than broad-acre soil improvement. While not regenerative in itself (as it’s mined and energy-intensive to produce), it plays a useful role in water-smart gardening and sustainable food growing when used mindfully.